Educating the Atheist?

So I have recently came across a "youtuber" named Educating the Atheist. This man claims to debunk atheistic arguments using a "common sense approach." One of such arguments arises from a video of a child... yes child evangelical preacher who says, "monkeys make monkeys, fish make fish.. etc." As Educating the Atheist puts it, "they come from the same kind."

But what exactly is a kind..?

Since "Educating the Atheist" does not allow comments on his videos (why?), I have some questions. And please, anyone.. define what "kind" is. (I have heard variations of "kind" from entire kingdoms to species.)

Second question, there is an organism, Helacyton gartleri that is a lab made species made from a line of human cells that contained HPV that evolved from a carcinoma that spreads by taking over other laboratory cell cultures. It is self replicating, and finds ways to survive on its own. What "kind" does one define Helacyton gartleri?

As well, monkeys make monkeys.. I'm assuming that Mr EtA is speaking of our distant primate ancestors.

To clarify, our species, Homo sapiens is a type of primate. We knew this before Darwin published "The Origins of Species" or "Descent of Man." We are in the Great Apes category, shared with chimps, gorillas and orangutans.

As it is know to scientists* our closest relative in the evolutionary web (or tree if you're and old timer) is the chimpanzee. A common, yet fallacious argument I often hear is, "If we came from chimps, why are there still chimps?" In fact, we did not come from chimps, we simply share a common ancestor with chimpanzees.

Humans, along with chimpanzees and banobos; share a common ancestor Orrorin tugenensis (~6 million years ago) which split into the Pan, and Homo hominid line. Humans and chimpanzees are cousins.. humans ARE NOT descendants of chimpanzees. Chimps, humans, and gorillas (Pan, Homo and Gorillini genus', respectively) share a common ancestor, Sahelanthropus tchadensis, which lived about 7 million years ago.

Humans, banobos, chimps and gorillas are all common of one ancestor and such in academia referred to as the African apes.

All the African apes share a common ancestor with orangutans, thought to be Ouranopithecus macedoniensis.

Another interesting fact, humans and chimps share 98.5 percent of our DNA with each species. However, it is interesting to note that all the great apes besides humans have 48 chromosomes. Humans have 46.. meaning we have 23 pairs of chromosomes: 23 from mom and 23 from dad. All the other great apes have 48, 24 from each parent.


Evolution predicts that somewhere in our (human's) ancestry, when we diverged from our chimp and human ancestor, one of our chromosomes fused. We couldn't have
"lost" this chromosome because that would validate the creationist claim of 'same genes, same designer.' Meaning the designer (god) just simply recycled the already made genes to make humans. We would have had to have a fusion of two chromosomes and show evidence of this phenomena that chimp and humans share a common ancestor and we diverged with the fusion of chromosomes.

However, in 2005 when the genome of the Chimpanzee was sequenced and compared to the sequenced human genome, scientists* found something very similar..

Human chromosome 2 is the result of the fusion of two primate chromosomes. It is the result of head to head fusion (meaning telomere to telomere connection) of two primate chromosomes. As well, this match is within 15 base pair error (out of millions of base pairs, mind you) and corresponds to chimp chromosome 13.

Note that even an error rate of 15 out of a million is 0.0000015 percent.

Any rebuttals are encouraged and greatly appreciated.

Reed


*Note that when I say scientists, I am referring to specialists in their field of study and more often than not, people who find fact from evidence, as any good scientist should do.

Like any good "scientist" I believe in citing my sources of evidence. Below you will find links to peer reviewed journal publications as well as some wikipedia links. Note that all wiki links have sources cited on them.. and if you doubt the validity of these sources, I will find the original source and send it to you. Occasionally, I will post YouTube links to videos (mind the titles) of scientists who explain the literature and my points. As well, if you doubt the vid or wiki source.. I'll find it and send it to you.

The origin of man; a pictorial legacy
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/215/4539/1525
This article speaks of the common ancestor of the great apes and the divergence of species.


Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v437/n7055/full/nature04072.html
This article is the scientific findings on human evolution and the chromosomal evidence of the argument of human and chimpanzee relationships.

Human's Closet Living Relative
http://www.nyu.edu/projects/fitch/resources/student_papers/silver.pdf

This is a student dissertation of the relationship of humans to the other great apes.

Ken Miller on Intelligent Design
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVRsWAjvQSg
This is Ken Miller's talk about his arguments against intelligent design, and essentially creationism and how the evidence points to evolution. A highly recommended watch.

Henrietta Lacks, HeLa Cells, and Cell Culture Contamination
http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/pdf/10.1043/1543-2165-133.9.1463

This paper talks about the origins of the HeLa cells and the Helacyton gartleri cell line.